Noise reduction in digital communications

Noise reduction is an evergreen topic within digital communications. Recently, we have found an efficient way for noise reduction, using a Costas loop. In this book, we concentrate on the newly revealed method and its consequences. We evaluate the quality of communication by bit error rate. In the original theory for communication in the noisy channel by Shannon, the bit error rate was not exploited. It is an open problem to obtain the interconnection between the two. The last paper is an exception. It summarizes the simplest results by this author over his whole carrier.